OraQA

One way is to use the built-in function SYS_CONTEXT. For example:

select
    sys_context('USERENV','AUTHENTICATION_TYPE')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','CURRENT_SCHEMA')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','CURRENT_SCHEMAID')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','CURRENT_USER')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','CURRENT_USERID')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','DB_DOMAIN')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','DB_NAME')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','HOST')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','INSTANCE')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','IP_ADDRESS')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','ISDBA')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','LANG')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','LANGUAGE')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','NETWORK_PROTOCOL')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','NLS_CALENDAR')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','NLS_CURRENCY')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','NLS_DATE_FORMAT')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','NLS_TERRITORY')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','OS_USER')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','SESSION_USER')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','SESSION_USERID')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','SESSIONID')
    ,sys_context('USERENV','TERMINAL')
from dual;

Another way is to query the V$SESSION dynamic performance view.

EDDIE@XE> desc v$session;
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------

 SADDR                                              RAW(4)
 SID                                                NUMBER
 SERIAL#                                            NUMBER
 AUDSID                                             NUMBER
 PADDR                                              RAW(4)
 USER#                                              NUMBER
 USERNAME                                           VARCHAR2(30)
 COMMAND                                            NUMBER
 OWNERID                                            NUMBER
 TADDR                                              VARCHAR2(8)
 LOCKWAIT                                           VARCHAR2(8)
 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(8)
 SERVER                                             VARCHAR2(9)
 SCHEMA#                                            NUMBER
 SCHEMANAME                                         VARCHAR2(30)
 OSUSER                                             VARCHAR2(30)
 PROCESS                                            VARCHAR2(12)
 MACHINE                                            VARCHAR2(64)
 TERMINAL                                           VARCHAR2(16)
 PROGRAM                                            VARCHAR2(64)
 TYPE                                               VARCHAR2(10)
 SQL_ADDRESS                                        RAW(4)
 SQL_HASH_VALUE                                     NUMBER
 SQL_ID                                             VARCHAR2(13)
 SQL_CHILD_NUMBER                                   NUMBER
 PREV_SQL_ADDR                                      RAW(4)
 PREV_HASH_VALUE                                    NUMBER
 PREV_SQL_ID                                        VARCHAR2(13)
 PREV_CHILD_NUMBER                                  NUMBER
 MODULE                                             VARCHAR2(48)
 MODULE_HASH                                        NUMBER
 ACTION                                             VARCHAR2(32)
 ACTION_HASH                                        NUMBER
 CLIENT_INFO                                        VARCHAR2(64)
 FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE                               NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_OBJ#                                      NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_FILE#                                     NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_BLOCK#                                    NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_ROW#                                      NUMBER
 LOGON_TIME                                         DATE
 LAST_CALL_ET                                       NUMBER
 PDML_ENABLED                                       VARCHAR2(3)
 FAILOVER_TYPE                                      VARCHAR2(13)
 FAILOVER_METHOD                                    VARCHAR2(10)
 FAILED_OVER                                        VARCHAR2(3)
 RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP                            VARCHAR2(32)
 PDML_STATUS                                        VARCHAR2(8)
 PDDL_STATUS                                        VARCHAR2(8)
 PQ_STATUS                                          VARCHAR2(8)
 CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION                             NUMBER
 CLIENT_IDENTIFIER                                  VARCHAR2(64)
 BLOCKING_SESSION_STATUS                            VARCHAR2(11)
 BLOCKING_INSTANCE                                  NUMBER
 BLOCKING_SESSION                                   NUMBER
 SEQ#                                               NUMBER
 EVENT#                                             NUMBER
 EVENT                                              VARCHAR2(64)
 P1TEXT                                             VARCHAR2(64)
 P1                                                 NUMBER
 P1RAW                                              RAW(4)
 P2TEXT                                             VARCHAR2(64)
 P2                                                 NUMBER
 P2RAW                                              RAW(4)
 P3TEXT                                             VARCHAR2(64)
 P3                                                 NUMBER
 P3RAW                                              RAW(4)
 WAIT_CLASS_ID                                      NUMBER
 WAIT_CLASS#                                        NUMBER
 WAIT_CLASS                                         VARCHAR2(64)
 WAIT_TIME                                          NUMBER
 SECONDS_IN_WAIT                                    NUMBER
 STATE                                              VARCHAR2(19)
 SERVICE_NAME                                       VARCHAR2(64)
 SQL_TRACE                                          VARCHAR2(8)
 SQL_TRACE_WAITS                                    VARCHAR2(5)
 SQL_TRACE_BINDS                                    VARCHAR2(5)

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